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Figurative elements of the supernatural in Irish mythology and folklore

Identifieur interne : 000126 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000125; suivant : 000127

Figurative elements of the supernatural in Irish mythology and folklore

Auteurs : Anne-Marie O'Connell [France]

Source :

RBID : Hal:tel-01323678

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Our research consists of the semiotic analysis of Old-Irish texts and collected folklore that have narrativeprocesses or figures in common. The result of this work will constantly be confronted to G. Dumézil'stheory of the triple social division in indo-european myths.Having noted the constant process of /metamorphosis/ that characterizes the Otherworld's confrontationwith human representatives, we then analyse the three componants of this narrative process: thecontaining shape (often an animal), its content in human form, the conditions of its occurence (time andspace).The animal group divides into domestic and wild animals. The former associates those linked to "fertility"and "royalty" (cattle), those, the consumption of which is a transition between our world and the other(the pig); a second sub-groups gathers those linked to the configuration of "war" with a different attitudeto space: the destructive horse that travels through both world to and fro, and the protective dog, who,like the warrior, guards the human perimeter against a hostile Otherworld.The latter (deer, hare and boar) lead warriors and hunters, by means of seduction or fight, to the placewhere the Otherworld meets the human realm (mounds, caves, hills). Then, the bird, similar to the sun(bright apearance) and linked to the water (its dwelling-place), travels through space and time (its music)to guide travellers who go and look for the Otherworld. His association to spacial "orientation" is apossible means of locating it.The second part, devoted to human-shaped figures, shows they can only be studied by means of aninternal confrontation. Thus the female figure can either be related to /conjunction/ (configuration of"marriage" and "bereavement") with the king, or be linked to /disjunction/ since her role is also to severman's ties with life to bring him to eternity.Male figures are best represented by the couple warrior- churl. Both are /opponents/, but the latter is alsoa /destinator/ of the "fight". Whereas the warrior is "bright", "fiery" and seeks recognition from his peers,the churl is dull, solitary, and his club symbolizes the transition between the two universe through death.The third part, dealing with time and space, show that both weather and time can be distorted, in anattempt to describe "eternity". Then, depending on whether the Otherworld is perceived as a place ofdeath or as a sojourn full of endless pleasure and joy, we will oppose , within the configuration of the"feast" the figures of "bounty" vs "scarcity", and of "cauldron" vs "boat" and "horse".Time is seen as part of a hidden knowledge deliverd to man by means of "prophecy" and death (from the"club" to the " Druid wand").Space, on the other hand,can be easily travelled through with the help of magic helpers from theOtherworld. Its distorsions (in size and aspect) show the impossibility of fixing a definite shape for whatescapes such categories: thus it seems as if there were many Otherworlds (numerous meeting points) yet itis unique. Moreover, its changing aspect prooves that it conciliates the notions of an Otherworld asdwelling-place for the gods and as realm of the dead.

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Hal:tel-01323678

Le document en format XML

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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Our research consists of the semiotic analysis of Old-Irish texts and collected folklore that have narrativeprocesses or figures in common. The result of this work will constantly be confronted to G. Dumézil'stheory of the triple social division in indo-european myths.Having noted the constant process of /metamorphosis/ that characterizes the Otherworld's confrontationwith human representatives, we then analyse the three componants of this narrative process: thecontaining shape (often an animal), its content in human form, the conditions of its occurence (time andspace).The animal group divides into domestic and wild animals. The former associates those linked to "fertility"and "royalty" (cattle), those, the consumption of which is a transition between our world and the other(the pig); a second sub-groups gathers those linked to the configuration of "war" with a different attitudeto space: the destructive horse that travels through both world to and fro, and the protective dog, who,like the warrior, guards the human perimeter against a hostile Otherworld.The latter (deer, hare and boar) lead warriors and hunters, by means of seduction or fight, to the placewhere the Otherworld meets the human realm (mounds, caves, hills). Then, the bird, similar to the sun(bright apearance) and linked to the water (its dwelling-place), travels through space and time (its music)to guide travellers who go and look for the Otherworld. His association to spacial "orientation" is apossible means of locating it.The second part, devoted to human-shaped figures, shows they can only be studied by means of aninternal confrontation. Thus the female figure can either be related to /conjunction/ (configuration of"marriage" and "bereavement") with the king, or be linked to /disjunction/ since her role is also to severman's ties with life to bring him to eternity.Male figures are best represented by the couple warrior- churl. Both are /opponents/, but the latter is alsoa /destinator/ of the "fight". Whereas the warrior is "bright", "fiery" and seeks recognition from his peers,the churl is dull, solitary, and his club symbolizes the transition between the two universe through death.The third part, dealing with time and space, show that both weather and time can be distorted, in anattempt to describe "eternity". Then, depending on whether the Otherworld is perceived as a place ofdeath or as a sojourn full of endless pleasure and joy, we will oppose , within the configuration of the"feast" the figures of "bounty" vs "scarcity", and of "cauldron" vs "boat" and "horse".Time is seen as part of a hidden knowledge deliverd to man by means of "prophecy" and death (from the"club" to the " Druid wand").Space, on the other hand,can be easily travelled through with the help of magic helpers from theOtherworld. Its distorsions (in size and aspect) show the impossibility of fixing a definite shape for whatescapes such categories: thus it seems as if there were many Otherworlds (numerous meeting points) yet itis unique. Moreover, its changing aspect prooves that it conciliates the notions of an Otherworld asdwelling-place for the gods and as realm of the dead.</div>
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{{Explor lien
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   |clé=     Hal:tel-01323678
   |texte=   Figurative elements of the supernatural in Irish mythology and folklore
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